BASIC GEOMETRY CONCEPTS AND DEFINITION
GEOMETRY:it´s an area of knowledge which studies any elements and operation on/in the plane such us a points ,lines or shapes
POINT:in geometry a point can be defined as the placeror location where two lines intersect.A point has not dimensions ,no height and no width.
LINE:a one-dimensional object formed to infinitive points.It has got end points and continues on forever in a plane.
RAY:a line wich begings at particular point (called the end point)and extends endlessly in one direction.
MIDPOINT:It is the point that is half way between the endpoints of the line segment.
ENDPOINT:And endpoint is a point at which a line segment or a ray or starts
LENGTH:measurement of something from end to end.
GEOMETRY DRAWING AND SUPPLIES CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS:
FREEHAND:draw by hand without guiding instruments measurement....
LINE TECNICAL DRAWING:it,s a drawing made with the help of supplies.It is usually the kind of drawiing used for aechitecture or enginering plans.
COMPAS:it is a tool of drawin circles and arcs and also for measuring distance between points,contisting in two arms linked by a hinge
PROTACTOR:am instrument for measuring or drawing angles on paper, usually a flat semicircular transparent plastic sheet graduated in degrees
SET SQUARES(UK) TRIANGLES(US):there are two special rulers with triangular shapes. One is called the 45ºtringle and other 60º/30º triangle.Both have 90º angle. They are use for making differents angles.
ERASER:use for eliminate the mistakes.
RULER:for making lines.
LINE SEGMENT:given the segment AB , copy it with the same length with a compas
OPERATION WITH SEGMENTS:
1ºadition
2ºsubtraction
3ºmultiply
4ºdivision
IMPORTANT DEFINITION ABOUT CIRCLRES:
LENGTH:measurement of something from end to end.
GEOMETRY DRAWING AND SUPPLIES CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS:
FREEHAND:draw by hand without guiding instruments measurement....
LINE TECNICAL DRAWING:it,s a drawing made with the help of supplies.It is usually the kind of drawiing used for aechitecture or enginering plans.
COMPAS:it is a tool of drawin circles and arcs and also for measuring distance between points,contisting in two arms linked by a hinge
PROTACTOR:am instrument for measuring or drawing angles on paper, usually a flat semicircular transparent plastic sheet graduated in degrees
SET SQUARES(UK) TRIANGLES(US):there are two special rulers with triangular shapes. One is called the 45ºtringle and other 60º/30º triangle.Both have 90º angle. They are use for making differents angles.
ERASER:use for eliminate the mistakes.
RULER:for making lines.
LINE SEGMENT:given the segment AB , copy it with the same length with a compas
OPERATION WITH SEGMENTS:
1ºadition
2ºsubtraction
3ºmultiply
4ºdivision
IMPORTANT DEFINITION ABOUT CIRCLRES:
CIRCLE:set of points at the same distance to a point called center.
CIRCUNFERENCE:it is the full length of a circle.
CENTER:it´s a point equdistant to any points on a circle.
RADIOS:it´s a length of a line segment from the center to it´s perimetre.
DIAMETRE:a line segment that passes throught the center and conct two points of a circle.Is length double than the radios
CHORD:a line segment wich cone two points of the circle not throught the center
ARC:segment of a circle.
ARROW:is a length segment enter chord and arc pass to the center.
IMPORTANT DEFINITION ABOUT ANGLES AND LINES:
PARALES:they are two lines wich never intersect themselves so all they points are equidistant.
PERPENDICULAR:they are lines wich meet forming rightangles=90º
OBLIQUE:they are lines wich are not parallels neiyher perpendiculars.
ANGLES:it´s a figure formed by two rays sharing a common end point(verlex)
TYPES OF ANGLES:
COMPLEMENTARY ANGLES:they are couples of angles wich sum is 90º
SUPLEMENTARY ANGLES:they are couples of angles wich sum is 180º
TYPES OFANGLES(FORM):
THE ANGLE BISECTAR:when I divide an angle into two equals parts
OPERATION WITH ANGLES:
ºadition
ºsubstraction
ºmultiply
ºdivide
TRIANGLES:it´s a flat figure with three sides and three angl
ACORDING SIDES:
POLYGONS
START POLYGON:it´s a particular polygon case with a start shape, created out of linking together non consecutive vertices of a regular polygon.
INSCRIBED POLYGONS:they are polygons places inside circles so all the vertex of the polygons are places on the circle.
CONVEX POLYGON: Any line draw through the polygon meets its boun dary exactly twice
NON CONVEX (CONCAVE): a line my be found wich meets its boun dary mor than twice.
QUADRILATERALS:they are polygons with 4 sides and 4 angles.
PARALLELOGRAMS: they are quadrilaterals have with two sides of paralles opposite equal sides and two oairs opposite equal angles
SQUARE: have 4 sides paralles 2 by 2 and 4 angles= 90º 2 diagonals
RECTANGLE: 4 sides parallels 2 by 2, 4 angles = 90º, 2 diagonal
RHOMBUS: have 4 sides equal paralles 2 by 2, 2 diagonals
TRAPEZIUS: onlyu one pair of sides are paralels
NON PARALLELOGRAMS:
RIGHT: 2 sides, 2 angles 90º
ISOSCELES: 2 sides//,2sides=
SCALEN: 4 sides, 2 sides//
TRAPEZOIDE: sides unequal non paralel sides
SYMMETRY:
SYMMETRY:is a quality of some shapes wich some of their parts are reflection of other.
REFECTION SYMETRY:it is a shape which is formed by two halves facing each other with an axis or fold line in between as if bath side were mirror images of each other.
SYMMETRY AXIS:It is a line which divedes a shape into two symmetry halves. Every elements are the same distance from the axis.
SYMMETRY CENTRE:it is a center wich divides a shape into two symmetry halves. Every elements are the sae distan from the centre.
CIRCUNFERENCE:it is the full length of a circle.
CENTER:it´s a point equdistant to any points on a circle.
RADIOS:it´s a length of a line segment from the center to it´s perimetre.
DIAMETRE:a line segment that passes throught the center and conct two points of a circle.Is length double than the radios
CHORD:a line segment wich cone two points of the circle not throught the center
ARC:segment of a circle.
ARROW:is a length segment enter chord and arc pass to the center.
IMPORTANT DEFINITION ABOUT ANGLES AND LINES:
PARALES:they are two lines wich never intersect themselves so all they points are equidistant.
PERPENDICULAR:they are lines wich meet forming rightangles=90º
OBLIQUE:they are lines wich are not parallels neiyher perpendiculars.
ANGLES:it´s a figure formed by two rays sharing a common end point(verlex)
TYPES OF ANGLES:
COMPLEMENTARY ANGLES:they are couples of angles wich sum is 90º
SUPLEMENTARY ANGLES:they are couples of angles wich sum is 180º
TYPES OFANGLES(FORM):
THE ANGLE BISECTAR:when I divide an angle into two equals parts
OPERATION WITH ANGLES:
ºadition
ºsubstraction
ºmultiply
ºdivide
TRIANGLES:it´s a flat figure with three sides and three angl
ACORDING SIDES:
- 3=sides:equilaterals
- 2=sides:isosceles
- 3 no=sides:scalen
ACORDING TO ANGLES:
- 1 angle⬆90º:obtuse
- 3 angles⬇90º:acute
- 1 angle=90º:right
POLYGONS
START POLYGON:it´s a particular polygon case with a start shape, created out of linking together non consecutive vertices of a regular polygon.
INSCRIBED POLYGONS:they are polygons places inside circles so all the vertex of the polygons are places on the circle.
CONVEX POLYGON: Any line draw through the polygon meets its boun dary exactly twice
NON CONVEX (CONCAVE): a line my be found wich meets its boun dary mor than twice.
QUADRILATERALS:they are polygons with 4 sides and 4 angles.
PARALLELOGRAMS: they are quadrilaterals have with two sides of paralles opposite equal sides and two oairs opposite equal angles
SQUARE: have 4 sides paralles 2 by 2 and 4 angles= 90º 2 diagonals
RECTANGLE: 4 sides parallels 2 by 2, 4 angles = 90º, 2 diagonal
RHOMBUS: have 4 sides equal paralles 2 by 2, 2 diagonals
TRAPEZIUS: onlyu one pair of sides are paralels
NON PARALLELOGRAMS:
RIGHT: 2 sides, 2 angles 90º
ISOSCELES: 2 sides//,2sides=
SCALEN: 4 sides, 2 sides//
TRAPEZOIDE: sides unequal non paralel sides
SYMMETRY:
SYMMETRY:is a quality of some shapes wich some of their parts are reflection of other.
REFECTION SYMETRY:it is a shape which is formed by two halves facing each other with an axis or fold line in between as if bath side were mirror images of each other.
SYMMETRY AXIS:It is a line which divedes a shape into two symmetry halves. Every elements are the same distance from the axis.
SYMMETRY CENTRE:it is a center wich divides a shape into two symmetry halves. Every elements are the sae distan from the centre.
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